The spectrum of tev gamma rays from the crab nebula

Hillas, A.M.; Akerlof, C.W.; Biller, S.D.; Buckley, J.H.; Carter-Lewis, D.A.; Catanese, M.; Cawley, M.F.; Fegan, D.J.; Finley, J.P.; Gaidos, J.A.; Krennrich, F.; Lamb, R.C.; Lang, M.J.; Mohanty, G.; Punch, M.; Reynolds, P.T.; Rodgers, A.J.; Rose, H.J.; Rovero, A.C.; Schubnell, M.S.; Sembroski, G.H.; Vacanti, G.; Weekes, T.C.; West, M.; Zweerink, J.

doi:10.1086/306005

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Hillas, A.M.; Akerlof, C.W.; Biller, S.D.; Buckley, J.H.; Carter-Lewis, D.A.; Catanese, M.; Cawley, M.F.; Fegan, D.J.; Finley, J.P.; Gaidos, J.A.; Krennrich, F.; Lamb, R.C.; Lang, M.J.; Mohanty, G.; Punch, M.; Reynolds, P.T.; Rodgers, A.J.; Rose, H.J. (...) Zweerink, J. "The spectrum of tev gamma rays from the crab nebula" (1998) Astrophysical Journal. 503(2 PART I):744-759

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Abstract:

The spectrum of gamma rays from the Crab Nebula has been measured in the energy range 500 GeV-8 TeV at the Whipple Observatory by the atmospheric Cerenkov technique. Two methods of analysis that were used to derive spectra, in order to reduce the chance of calibration errors, gave good agreement, as did analysis of observations made with changed equipment several years apart. It is concluded that stable and reliable energy spectra can now be made in the TeV range. The spectrum can be represented in this energy range by the power-law fit, J = (3.20 ± 0.17 ± 0.6) × (E/1 TeV) -2.49±0-06±0-04 m -2 s -1 TeV -1 , or by the following form, which extends much better to the GeV domain: J = (3.25 ± 0.14 ± 0.6) × 10 -7 E -2.44±0-06±0.04-0.151 log10 E m -2 s -1 TeV -1 (E in TeV) The integral flux above 1 TeV is (2.1 ± 0.2 ± 0.3) × 10 -7 m -2 s -1 . Using the complete spectrum of the Crab Nebula, the spectrum of relativistic electrons is deduced, and the spectrum of the inverse Compton emission that they would generate is in good agreement with the observed gamma-ray flux from 1 GeV to many TeV, if the magnetic field in the region where these scattered photons originate (essentially the X-ray-emitting region, around 0.4 pc from the pulsar) is ∼16 nT (160 μG), in reasonable agreement with the field deduced by Aharonian & Atoyan. If the same field strength were present throughout the nebula, there would be no clear need for an additional radiation source in the GeV domain such as has recently been suggested; the results give an indication that the magnetic field is well below the often-assumed equipartition strength (35-60 nT). Further accurate gamma-ray spectral measurements over the range from 1 GeV to tens of TeV have the potential to probe the growth in the magnetic field in the inner region of the nebula. © 1998. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

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Documento:	Artículo
Título:	The spectrum of tev gamma rays from the crab nebula
Autor:	Hillas, A.M.; Akerlof, C.W.; Biller, S.D.; Buckley, J.H.; Carter-Lewis, D.A.; Catanese, M.; Cawley, M.F.; Fegan, D.J.; Finley, J.P.; Gaidos, J.A.; Krennrich, F.; Lamb, R.C.; Lang, M.J.; Mohanty, G.; Punch, M.; Reynolds, P.T.; Rodgers, A.J.; Rose, H.J.; Rovero, A.C.; Schubnell, M.S.; Sembroski, G.H.; Vacanti, G.; Weekes, T.C.; West, M.; Zweerink, J.
Filiación:	Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom Randall Laboratory of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120, United States Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, PO Box 97, Amado, AZ 85645-0097, United States Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3160, United States Physics Department, St.Patrick's College, Maynooth, Ireland Department of Experimental Physics, University College, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States Space Sciences Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, College de France, IN2P3/CNRS, 75231 Paris, France Astrophysics Division, ESA/ESTEC, Postbus 299, NL-2200, AG Nordwijk, Netherlands Physics Department, University College, Galway 3, Ireland LPHNE, Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France Instituto de Astronomia Y Fisica del Espacio (CONICET), C.C. 67, Sue. 28, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina Department of Physics, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
Palabras clave:	Gamma rays: observations; ISM: individual (Crab Nebula); ISM: magnetic fields; Radiation mechanisms: nonthermal; Supernova remnants
Año:	1998
Volumen:	503
Número:	2 PART I
Página de inicio:	744
Página de fin:	759
DOI:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/306005
Título revista:	Astrophysical Journal
Título revista abreviado:	Astrophys. J.
ISSN:	0004637X
Registro:	https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_0004637X_v503_n2PARTI_p744_Hillas

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Citas:

---------- APA ----------

Hillas, A.M., Akerlof, C.W., Biller, S.D., Buckley, J.H., Carter-Lewis, D.A., Catanese, M., Cawley, M.F.,..., Zweerink, J. (1998) . The spectrum of tev gamma rays from the crab nebula. Astrophysical Journal, 503(2 PART I), 744-759.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/306005

---------- CHICAGO ----------

Hillas, A.M., Akerlof, C.W., Biller, S.D., Buckley, J.H., Carter-Lewis, D.A., Catanese, M., et al. "The spectrum of tev gamma rays from the crab nebula" . Astrophysical Journal 503, no. 2 PART I (1998) : 744-759.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/306005

---------- MLA ----------

Hillas, A.M., Akerlof, C.W., Biller, S.D., Buckley, J.H., Carter-Lewis, D.A., Catanese, M., et al. "The spectrum of tev gamma rays from the crab nebula" . Astrophysical Journal, vol. 503, no. 2 PART I, 1998, pp. 744-759.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/306005

---------- VANCOUVER ----------

Hillas, A.M., Akerlof, C.W., Biller, S.D., Buckley, J.H., Carter-Lewis, D.A., Catanese, M., et al. The spectrum of tev gamma rays from the crab nebula. Astrophys. J. 1998;503(2 PART I):744-759.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/306005