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Abstract:

An Mw 8.2 earthquake affected on September 8, 2017 the Cocos plate beneath the Caribbean plate next to the transform contact with the North American plate across the Tehuantepec gap, one of the two gaps that exist along the Mexican subduction zone offshore Chiapas. The epicenter occurred at a depth of 47 km and was associated with a highly steep normal fault parallel to the trench. The origin can be related to slab pull forces, dehydration processes and reactivation of outer rise faults. This earthquake produced positive changes in the Coulomb static stress, which would favor the development of thrust displacements along the interplate contact across the Tehuantepec gap instead of liberating tensions accumulated on it for decades. In the case that stresses were not released steadily in the future, a thrusting-related event with a magnitude of Mw 7.9 or higher could be expected after the September 8, 2017 Chiapas earthquake. However, the differential weight of the forearc offshore (that contains a region with a high positive gravity gradient) could inhibit rupture propagation to the coast precluding higher magnitudes. Combined and satellite only earth gravity field models show a highly heterogeneous density structure along the forearc of the North America-Caribbean plates and in particular at the studied zone. Maximum displacements in the rupture zone correlate to minimum gravity-derived anomalies showing a probable relationship between the differential weight of the forearc structure and the extensional faulting affecting the bending of the Cocos plate at depth. In this sense, variable sediment thicknesses over the forearc, and a high gravity gradient zone parallel to the trench in the outer forearc, could be reflecting physical heterogeneities that influence the propagation of the rupture zone. Additionally, to the north, a highly positive gradient signal related to the subducted Tehuantepec Fz projection beneath the North American plate marks the ending of the main slip patch acting as a barrier to the seismic rupture propagation. This event exemplifies (1) how extensional ruptures in the downgoing slab of a subduction zone can increment accumulated elastic strain across a seismic gap instead of liberating tensions, (2) that rupture propagation for this intraplate event was probably controlled (at shallow depths) by the density structure of the forearc, similarly to recent interplate earthquakes along the Chilean margin; (3) how a low gravity gradient signal and low density structures identified from the inversion model in the region of the outer forearc, where the normal stress increased after the main seismic event, suggest a higher risk of occurrence of a great megathrust earthquake. © 2018, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:Static Stress Increase in the Outer Forearc Produced by MW 8.2 September 8, 2017 Mexico Earthquake and its Relation to the Gravity Signal
Autor:Spagnotto, S.; Alvarez, O.; Folguera, A.
Filiación:CONICET, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
FCFMyN, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
IGSV, Instituto Geofisico Sismologico Ing. F.S. Volponi, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, San Juan, Argentina
IDEAN, Instituto de Estudios Andinos “Don Pablo Groeber, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Conicet-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Palabras clave:Chiapas earthquake; Coulomb static stress; extensional faults; satellite gravimetry; Dehydration; Faulting; Liquid sloshing; Plates (structural components); Earth gravity field models; Extensional faults; Interplate earthquakes; Megathrust earthquakes; Mexican subduction zone; Satellite gravimetries; Seismic rupture propagation; Static stress; Earthquakes; Coulomb criterion; earthquake event; earthquake magnitude; extensional tectonics; fault; gravimetry; satellite altimetry; static response; Chiapas; Mexico [North America]
Año:2018
Volumen:175
Número:8
Página de inicio:2575
Página de fin:2593
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-018-1962-2
Título revista:Pure and Applied Geophysics
Título revista abreviado:Pure Appl. Geophys.
ISSN:00334553
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_00334553_v175_n8_p2575_Spagnotto

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Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Spagnotto, S., Alvarez, O. & Folguera, A. (2018) . Static Stress Increase in the Outer Forearc Produced by MW 8.2 September 8, 2017 Mexico Earthquake and its Relation to the Gravity Signal. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 175(8), 2575-2593.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-018-1962-2
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Spagnotto, S., Alvarez, O., Folguera, A. "Static Stress Increase in the Outer Forearc Produced by MW 8.2 September 8, 2017 Mexico Earthquake and its Relation to the Gravity Signal" . Pure and Applied Geophysics 175, no. 8 (2018) : 2575-2593.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-018-1962-2
---------- MLA ----------
Spagnotto, S., Alvarez, O., Folguera, A. "Static Stress Increase in the Outer Forearc Produced by MW 8.2 September 8, 2017 Mexico Earthquake and its Relation to the Gravity Signal" . Pure and Applied Geophysics, vol. 175, no. 8, 2018, pp. 2575-2593.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-018-1962-2
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Spagnotto, S., Alvarez, O., Folguera, A. Static Stress Increase in the Outer Forearc Produced by MW 8.2 September 8, 2017 Mexico Earthquake and its Relation to the Gravity Signal. Pure Appl. Geophys. 2018;175(8):2575-2593.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-018-1962-2