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Abstract:

The South Atlantic oceanic influence in the ambient air of Buenos Aires was studied on the basis of the measured concentrations of Cl-, Mg2+ and Na+, as chemical markers of marine aerosols. A total of 113 fine (PM2.5) and 113 coarse (PM2.5-10) samples were collected over a one-year period in an inland sampling site located ∼250 km from the open sea and ∼7.5 km from the shore of the La Plata River, which flows into the Atlantic Ocean. The ratio rion-PM between the added concentrations of the three ions and the corresponding aerosol mass concentration was also used as a sea salt indicator. The behavior of these indicators under various meteorological conditions was used to identify and characterize the presence of sea salt in the urban aerosol. The influence of regional meteorological conditions was assessed by means of the Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) while that of local conditions was assessed by categorized percentile distributions analysis. The pattern of the PSCF for different ranges of the four sea salt indicators, exhibiting a transition from lowest values under continental influence to highest values under oceanic influence, provided robust evidence that the marine aerosol from the South Atlantic Ocean reaches the city of Buenos Aires. The rion-PM ratio, which combines the opposite effects of wind speed on the aerosol mass and ion concentrations, was identified as the most sensitive indicator of sea salt aerosol variations. Percentile distributions of the rion-PM ratio, disaggregated according to onshore (NE, E, SE, S) and offshore (N, NW, W, SW) winds and speeds above and below the median (4.3 m s-1), clearly indicated that the highest levels of marine aerosol occurred under onshore winds and wind speeds > 4.3 m s-1. In addition to characterizing the oceanic influence in Buenos Aires, we reported the expected sea salt levels under different conditions and estimated the magnitude of chloride depletion. This is the first study on sea salt levels in the urban atmosphere of this coastal megacity that reports and makes available a set of consistent concentrations of marine aerosol markers measured over a one-year period. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:Factors controlling sea salt abundances in the urban atmosphere of a coastal South American megacity
Autor:Santos, M.D.; Dawidowski, L.; Smichowski, P.; Ulke, A.G.; Gómez, D.
Filiación:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ Buenos Aires, Argentina
Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Gerencia Química, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, B1650KNA-San Martín, Pcia. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Universidad de San Martín, Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, Argentina
Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ingeniería, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos, Pab. II, 2do Piso, 2do Piso, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina
Unidad Mixta Internacional, Instituto Franco Argentino sobre Estudios de Clima y sus Impactos (IFAECI)/CNRS, Argentina
Peatonal Belgrano 356, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Palabras clave:Argentina; Back-trajectory analysis; Buenos Aires; Chloride depletion; Marine aerosols; Sea salt chemical markers; Sodium chloride; Argentina; Back trajectory analysis; Buenos Aires; Chemical markers; Chloride depletion; Marine aerosols; Atmospheric aerosols; Chemical analysis; Ions; Particles (particulate matter); Sodium chloride; Chlorine; chloride ion; magnesium ion; sodium chloride; sodium ion; aerosol composition; air sampling; atmospheric pollution; chloride; marine atmosphere; megacity; open ocean; particulate matter; sea salt; urban atmosphere; aerosol; Argentina; article; atmosphere; city; marine environment; megacity; particulate matter; priority journal; sea; seashore; South America; Argentina; Atlantic Ocean; Buenos Aires [Argentina]
Año:2012
Volumen:59
Página de inicio:483
Página de fin:491
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.05.019
Título revista:Atmospheric Environment
Título revista abreviado:Atmos. Environ.
ISSN:13522310
CODEN:AENVE
CAS:magnesium ion, 22537-22-0; sodium chloride, 7647-14-5; sodium ion, 17341-25-2
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_13522310_v59_n_p483_Santos

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Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Santos, M.D., Dawidowski, L., Smichowski, P., Ulke, A.G. & Gómez, D. (2012) . Factors controlling sea salt abundances in the urban atmosphere of a coastal South American megacity. Atmospheric Environment, 59, 483-491.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.05.019
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Santos, M.D., Dawidowski, L., Smichowski, P., Ulke, A.G., Gómez, D. "Factors controlling sea salt abundances in the urban atmosphere of a coastal South American megacity" . Atmospheric Environment 59 (2012) : 483-491.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.05.019
---------- MLA ----------
Santos, M.D., Dawidowski, L., Smichowski, P., Ulke, A.G., Gómez, D. "Factors controlling sea salt abundances in the urban atmosphere of a coastal South American megacity" . Atmospheric Environment, vol. 59, 2012, pp. 483-491.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.05.019
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Santos, M.D., Dawidowski, L., Smichowski, P., Ulke, A.G., Gómez, D. Factors controlling sea salt abundances in the urban atmosphere of a coastal South American megacity. Atmos. Environ. 2012;59:483-491.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.05.019